Fianchetto
A fianchetto develops a bishop to g2 or b2 (g7 or b7 for Black) after advancing the neighbouring pawn one square. From there the bishop commands the long diagonal across the whole board and shields the castled king. Trading off a fianchettoed bishop tears a hole in the pawn cover, so releasing that tension deserves a hard look.
Start
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6.
The bishop settles on g2, commanding the long diagonal toward b8 — the fianchetto is complete.